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The Early History of the Anglo-Saxons
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Significant Dates and Periods, the Timeline, in the History of the Anglo-Saxons in Britain
- c. 400 A.D.: The start of sporatic immigration of Germanic tribal groups from the mainland
of northwest Europe to Britain
- 449: The wide scale invasion of Britain by the Angles, Saxons and Jutes as result of
one side of a war in Britain calling for their help. The leaders of the invaders were
Hengist and Horst.
The Angles came from what is now southwest Denmark; the Jutes
form northwest Denmark and southern Sweden and the Saxons from what is now the northwest coastal
area of Germany. The Friesians from the coastal islands of northwest Germany and thhe Netherlands
were also involved.
The Saxons settled in what is now southern England, the Jutes in southwest England (Kent and the Isle of Wight)
and the Angles in northern England and the Lowlands off Scotland..
- 560-616: The reign of King Æthelbert of Kent.
- 563: St. Columba begins conversions of Britons in Iona to Celtic Christianity
- 597: St. Augustine begins conversion of Britons in Kent to Roman Catholic Christianity
- 616-632: The reign of King Edwin of Northumbria.
- 625: Sutton Hoo burial
- 627: King Edwin of Northumbria converted to Christianity
- 632: Pagan King Penda of Mercia kills King Edwin of Northumbria.
- 635: Aidan begins conversion of Britons in Lindisfarne
- 641: Pagan King Penda of Mercia kills King Oswald of Northumbria.
- 654: King Oswy of Northumbria kills King Penda of Mercia
- 664: Synod of Whitby where proponents of Roman and Celtic Christianity contested
the matter of which is the truer version of Christianity. The test was
in the matter of determining the proper date for Easter. The proponents of Roman Catholic
Christianity win.
- 735: The Venerable Bede, one of the foremost scholars of his day, dies.
- 793: The raids of the Vikings on Britain begin with the sacking
of Lindisfarne.
- 851: The first year that the Danes stay in Britain over the winter.
- 865: The Danes invade Britain in major force in East Anglia.
- 867: The Battle of York in which the Northumbrian Kingdom is defeated
and its leadership destroyed.
- 870: East Anglia conquered by the Danes and King Edmund killed.
- 871: Alfred becomes King of Wessex (West Saxony).
- 874: Danes occupy Yorkshire.
- 877: Danes invade and occupy East Mercia.
- 880: The Dane Guthrum and his army occupy East Anglia.
- 886: The boundaries of Danish-occupied Britain, the Danelaw, agreed to
by Guthrum and Alfred. Alfred captures London.
- 890: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is circulated.
- 892: More Danes invade Britain.
- 896: King Alfred begins to build a navy.
- 899: King Alfred dies.
The people known as the Scot Irish are realy the descendants of the Angles who settled in the Lowlands
of Scotland. They would be more properly called Anglish.
The language English evolved from the language of the Saxon. The language which evolved from the language of the Angles
is called Lowland Scots.
(To be continued.)